Origins of salsa
· Conta-Danze of England, later called Danzon was brought to Cuba from the French that fled from Haiti, mixes itself with Rhumbas of African origin.
· Contra –Danze ---- Danzon---Danzonete----Son Oriental (30’s)---Mambo (40’s)----Chachacha (50’s)----Salsa (60’s) ----Pachanga (70’s)
· Cuba: melting pot of African and European harmonies, melodies, rhythms, and instruments. Therefore, it has a variety of instruments, dance steps, poetic forms, rhythms, and melodic phrases.
· Strong connection to numerous drumming styles since in Cuba enslaved African people brought their culrure with vthem They were able to maintain their secular and regious drumming tradictions.
· Consolidation of religious and secular African and European elements.
· African influence: African slaves recreated their instruments from four principal cultures: the Yoruba, the Dahomean, the Congolese, and the Abakua. These culture contributed with drums, bells, and shakers.
· Spanish influence:
o Spanish music itself: European, Arabic , and Gypsie influences.
o Sacred music tradictions were brought such as the medieval choral and the organ music.
o Music of Spain’s religious festivals arrived to Cuba.
o The introduction of Flamenco in the 16th century in Cuba helped to the development of Caribbean music.
· It mixed itself with the Son Cubano, which was itself the mixture of Spanish Troubadour and African drumbeats, together with the beat of the clave.
· Jazz and North American Influences:
o 1920: USA’s ballroom dances were introduced in Cuabn dance halls.
o Jazz and Caribbean music had a parallel development.
o 1930’s: Cuban a Puerto Rican music established itself in New York City and spread through the United States due to the radio and the phonograph industries.
· 30’s : Musician in the Caribbean incorporated their own style to the son and mambo, highly popular genres. This became known as “son Montuno”
· During the Cuban revolution in 1959, many musicians were exhiled from Cuba into the USA and brought with them their music.
· 3 new centers of salsa are created: New York City, Miami, and Colombia
o NY: Puerto Ricans introduced their music into Manhattan’s atmospheres.
o Miami: Cuban exiled musicians established there. Salsa becomes a symbol of desire, of desire of Cuba without Fidel Castro.
o Colombia: Contributed with its development due to its talents and rhythmic innovations.
· Some time during the 60’s, the term “salsa” is created in New York in order to refer to a variety of different music from several countries with Hispanic Influence like Rhumba, Son Montuno, Guaracha, Mambo, Cha cha cha, Danzon, Son, Guguanco, Cubop, Merengue, among others.
· Many practitioners did not agree because they thought it was a commercial name only use to promote Latin or Afro-Caribbean Music.
· 60’s : Cuban rhythms fuse with jazz.
· Term “salsa” circulated through the world to describe this unique genre born due to the many musical influences from many parts of the world.
· During the 70’s, the salsa gain popularity in the East Coast and evolved due to the fusion with other rhythms popular in USA.
· Salsa has many roots and many branches.
· By including bongos , congas, and timbales, salsa shows the evolution of the Afro-Cuban rhythms section.
· Son is the primary foundation of salsa.
Imporatnt Figures
· Tito Puetes: After being for some time in the U.S. Navy, he studied percussion at New York’s Julliard School of Music. After going back to Puerto Rico, he organized his own band- Puente’s Latin Jazz Ensemble. Critics said that his music sounded like if a big jazz band would meet African-Caribbean rhythms, the combination of fast Latin music with a jazz melody.
· Larry Harlow: an American salsa music performer, composer and producer. Contributed to the salsa music.
· Johnny Pacheco: a Dominican producer, musician, bandleader, and one of the most influential figures in the salsa music. He was the first Latin music producer to receive the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences awad.
· Ray Barretto: He was a Puerto Rican Jazz musician that received a Grammy Award. He is widely credited as the godfather of Latin jazz. He was also the first Hispanic to record a Latin song which became a "hit" in the American Billboard Charts.
· Willie Colon: He is a Puerto Rican salsa musician who was born in New York City. He is a trmbonist, singer, and writer of salsa music.
· Celia Cruz: Cuban singer, and one of the most famous Salsa performers on the 20th century. She was internationally renowned as the “Queen of the Salsa Music”.
· Eddie Torres: He is one of the most famous salsa dance instructores in the world.
· Frankie Martinez: Afro-Latin dancer, performer, instructor, and choreographer highly recognized in the salsa scene, specially in the United Sates and Europe.
The essence of Salsa
· Comprised of two sections: the body (the first part, pace is slower) and the montuno (the second part, rhythms more aggresive).
· Call- and – response vocals.
· Percussion: plays a very important role in salsa.
· Clave is the basis of all salsa music – African roots.
· 4 beats in two compases which make up a total of 8 beat (only 6 are danced)
· High speed.
· Like a walk, circular movements with slow motion turns.
· Fast-fast-slow-decorative movement
· Its simplicity makes it flexible
· Drums: central part, clave: unique rhythm
· Dance: side to side
· Highly danceable, salsa’s rhythms are hot, urbane, rhythmically sophisticated, and compelling
· Salsa is a vibrant and dynmic dance music that blends Africxan, Spanish, and Cuban sounds of antecedent musical genres, with some jazzy arrangements
· Salsa: rhythm made to dance.
· Dance in the Caribbean has a cultural festive reference.
· Salsa: destillation of many other Latin and Caribbean dances.
· The word “salsa” contains connotations of the spiciness common in Latin and Caribbean cuisine, a frenzied, "spicy" and wild dance.
· Similar to Mambo in that both have a pattern of six steps dance over eight beats of music.
· Turns are a very important feature in the dance
· Hip motion, relaxed, but not loose or sloppy
· Structured dance that has predetermined signs in order to change positions.
o “lead” and “follow” dance: usually guided by the man and followed by the woman, has changed in the last decades.
· Conta-Danze of England, later called Danzon was brought to Cuba from the French that fled from Haiti, mixes itself with Rhumbas of African origin.
· Contra –Danze ---- Danzon---Danzonete----Son Oriental (30’s)---Mambo (40’s)----Chachacha (50’s)----Salsa (60’s) ----Pachanga (70’s)
· Cuba: melting pot of African and European harmonies, melodies, rhythms, and instruments. Therefore, it has a variety of instruments, dance steps, poetic forms, rhythms, and melodic phrases.
· Strong connection to numerous drumming styles since in Cuba enslaved African people brought their culrure with vthem They were able to maintain their secular and regious drumming tradictions.
· Consolidation of religious and secular African and European elements.
· African influence: African slaves recreated their instruments from four principal cultures: the Yoruba, the Dahomean, the Congolese, and the Abakua. These culture contributed with drums, bells, and shakers.
· Spanish influence:
o Spanish music itself: European, Arabic , and Gypsie influences.
o Sacred music tradictions were brought such as the medieval choral and the organ music.
o Music of Spain’s religious festivals arrived to Cuba.
o The introduction of Flamenco in the 16th century in Cuba helped to the development of Caribbean music.
· It mixed itself with the Son Cubano, which was itself the mixture of Spanish Troubadour and African drumbeats, together with the beat of the clave.
· Jazz and North American Influences:
o 1920: USA’s ballroom dances were introduced in Cuabn dance halls.
o Jazz and Caribbean music had a parallel development.
o 1930’s: Cuban a Puerto Rican music established itself in New York City and spread through the United States due to the radio and the phonograph industries.
· 30’s : Musician in the Caribbean incorporated their own style to the son and mambo, highly popular genres. This became known as “son Montuno”
· During the Cuban revolution in 1959, many musicians were exhiled from Cuba into the USA and brought with them their music.
· 3 new centers of salsa are created: New York City, Miami, and Colombia
o NY: Puerto Ricans introduced their music into Manhattan’s atmospheres.
o Miami: Cuban exiled musicians established there. Salsa becomes a symbol of desire, of desire of Cuba without Fidel Castro.
o Colombia: Contributed with its development due to its talents and rhythmic innovations.
· Some time during the 60’s, the term “salsa” is created in New York in order to refer to a variety of different music from several countries with Hispanic Influence like Rhumba, Son Montuno, Guaracha, Mambo, Cha cha cha, Danzon, Son, Guguanco, Cubop, Merengue, among others.
· Many practitioners did not agree because they thought it was a commercial name only use to promote Latin or Afro-Caribbean Music.
· 60’s : Cuban rhythms fuse with jazz.
· Term “salsa” circulated through the world to describe this unique genre born due to the many musical influences from many parts of the world.
· During the 70’s, the salsa gain popularity in the East Coast and evolved due to the fusion with other rhythms popular in USA.
· Salsa has many roots and many branches.
· By including bongos , congas, and timbales, salsa shows the evolution of the Afro-Cuban rhythms section.
· Son is the primary foundation of salsa.
Imporatnt Figures
· Tito Puetes: After being for some time in the U.S. Navy, he studied percussion at New York’s Julliard School of Music. After going back to Puerto Rico, he organized his own band- Puente’s Latin Jazz Ensemble. Critics said that his music sounded like if a big jazz band would meet African-Caribbean rhythms, the combination of fast Latin music with a jazz melody.
· Larry Harlow: an American salsa music performer, composer and producer. Contributed to the salsa music.
· Johnny Pacheco: a Dominican producer, musician, bandleader, and one of the most influential figures in the salsa music. He was the first Latin music producer to receive the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences awad.
· Ray Barretto: He was a Puerto Rican Jazz musician that received a Grammy Award. He is widely credited as the godfather of Latin jazz. He was also the first Hispanic to record a Latin song which became a "hit" in the American Billboard Charts.
· Willie Colon: He is a Puerto Rican salsa musician who was born in New York City. He is a trmbonist, singer, and writer of salsa music.
· Celia Cruz: Cuban singer, and one of the most famous Salsa performers on the 20th century. She was internationally renowned as the “Queen of the Salsa Music”.
· Eddie Torres: He is one of the most famous salsa dance instructores in the world.
· Frankie Martinez: Afro-Latin dancer, performer, instructor, and choreographer highly recognized in the salsa scene, specially in the United Sates and Europe.
The essence of Salsa
· Comprised of two sections: the body (the first part, pace is slower) and the montuno (the second part, rhythms more aggresive).
· Call- and – response vocals.
· Percussion: plays a very important role in salsa.
· Clave is the basis of all salsa music – African roots.
· 4 beats in two compases which make up a total of 8 beat (only 6 are danced)
· High speed.
· Like a walk, circular movements with slow motion turns.
· Fast-fast-slow-decorative movement
· Its simplicity makes it flexible
· Drums: central part, clave: unique rhythm
· Dance: side to side
· Highly danceable, salsa’s rhythms are hot, urbane, rhythmically sophisticated, and compelling
· Salsa is a vibrant and dynmic dance music that blends Africxan, Spanish, and Cuban sounds of antecedent musical genres, with some jazzy arrangements
· Salsa: rhythm made to dance.
· Dance in the Caribbean has a cultural festive reference.
· Salsa: destillation of many other Latin and Caribbean dances.
· The word “salsa” contains connotations of the spiciness common in Latin and Caribbean cuisine, a frenzied, "spicy" and wild dance.
· Similar to Mambo in that both have a pattern of six steps dance over eight beats of music.
· Turns are a very important feature in the dance
· Hip motion, relaxed, but not loose or sloppy
· Structured dance that has predetermined signs in order to change positions.
o “lead” and “follow” dance: usually guided by the man and followed by the woman, has changed in the last decades.
Basic steps for salsa dancing: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PfDVnX4j3-w
See te proffesionals dance salsa: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ci5bvSL7Ozo
Intruments
o Percussion: claves, cowbells, timbales, conga, maracas, guiro
o Air Instruments: trumpets, tombones, saxophone
o Strings: Guitar and piano
o Percussion: claves, cowbells, timbales, conga, maracas, guiro
o Air Instruments: trumpets, tombones, saxophone
o Strings: Guitar and piano
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